22  :orange_book: Malaria case study - Report #2

22.1 Introduction

In this section we will explore the impact of the presence of research staff observing consultations as part of a Service Provision Assessment (SPA) on RCT data.

Note

Add sensitivity analysis definition

The data set used for this report is stored in dataset2.dta.

22.2 Descriptive statistics

22.2.1 Population characteristics

Characteristic All, N = 10,3081 Observed, N = 6561 p-value2
SDC_age_category

0.4
    <2 months 597 (5.8%) 40 (6.1%)
    02-11 months 3,576 (35%) 206 (31%)
    12-23 months 2,947 (29%) 209 (32%)
    24-35 months 1,529 (15%) 96 (15%)
    36-47 months 980 (9.5%) 67 (10%)
    48-59 months 679 (6.6%) 38 (5.8%)
SDC_sex

0.3
    1 5,229 (51%) 318 (49%)
    2 5,075 (49%) 337 (51%)
    (Missing) 4 1
CLIN_fever

>0.9
    0 3,068 (30%) 193 (29%)
    1 7,225 (70%) 462 (70%)
    98 15 (0.1%) 1 (0.2%)
CLIN_fever_onset_category

0.034
     3,083 (30%) 194 (30%)
    <2 days 1,998 (19%) 157 (24%)
    >= 7 days 343 (3.3%) 21 (3.2%)
    2-3 days 4,386 (43%) 248 (38%)
    4-6 days 498 (4.8%) 36 (5.5%)
CLIN_diarrhoea

0.019
    0 7,982 (77%) 477 (73%)
    1 2,306 (22%) 178 (27%)
    98 20 (0.2%) 1 (0.2%)
CLIN_cough

0.055
    0 4,658 (45%) 270 (41%)
    1 5,635 (55%) 384 (59%)
    98 15 (0.1%) 2 (0.3%)
RX_preconsult_antibiotics

0.049
    0 8,573 (83%) 565 (86%)
    1 1,735 (17%) 91 (14%)
RX_preconsult_antimalarials

0.6
    0 9,866 (96%) 631 (96%)
    1 442 (4.3%) 25 (3.8%)
CTX_district

0.001
    Kaliua 2,429 (24%) 149 (23%)
    Sengerema 2,703 (26%) 214 (33%)
    Tanga 5,176 (50%) 293 (45%)
CTX_area

<0.001
    rural 4,088 (40%) 309 (47%)
    urban 6,220 (60%) 347 (53%)
CTX_facility_type

<0.001
    dispensary 5,599 (54%) 412 (63%)
    health center 4,709 (46%) 244 (37%)
1 n (%)
2 Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Fisher’s exact test

22.2.2 Clinical management

Characteristic All, N = 10,3081 Observed, N = 6561 p-value2
CALC_temperature_measured

0.5
    0 9,271 (90%) 595 (91%)
    1 1,037 (10%) 61 (9.3%)
CALC_fever_measured

0.6
    0 711 (69%) 40 (66%)
    1 326 (31%) 21 (34%)
    (Missing) 9,271 595
CALC_fever_all

>0.9
    0 3,056 (30%) 193 (29%)
    1 7,252 (70%) 463 (71%)
TEST_malaria_done 5,763 (56%) 367 (56%) >0.9
TEST_malaria_type

0.4
    1 5,371 (93%) 339 (92%)
    2 340 (5.9%) 23 (6.3%)
    95 2 (<0.1%) 0 (0%)
    98 45 (0.8%) 5 (1.4%)
    (Missing) 4,550 289
TEST_malaria_result

0.5
    0 4,665 (81%) 289 (79%)
    1 1,032 (18%) 76 (21%)
    2 1 (<0.1%) 0 (0%)
    95 3 (<0.1%) 0 (0%)
    98 57 (1.0%) 2 (0.5%)
    (Missing) 4,550 289
DX_severe 254 (2.5%) 10 (1.5%) 0.13
DX_malaria 1,800 (17%) 116 (18%) 0.9
DX_malaria_severe 148 (1.4%) 6 (0.9%) 0.3
RX_antimalarials 1,290 (13%) 114 (17%) <0.001
RX_antimalarial_parenteral 249 (2.4%) 29 (4.4%) 0.002
RX_antibiotics 5,430 (53%) 351 (54%) 0.7
MGMT_referral_src_caregiver

0.2
    0 10,122 (98%) 640 (98%)
    1 164 (1.6%) 14 (2.1%)
    97 9 (<0.1%) 2 (0.3%)
    98 13 (0.1%) 0 (0%)
MGMT_referral_src_registry 114 (1.1%) 8 (1.2%) 0.8
1 n (%)
2 Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Fisher’s exact test

22.3 From fever assessment to malaria treatment

22.3.1 RCT population

22.3.2 SPA (sub)-population